USMLE (United States Medical Licensing Examination) Step 1 Practice Exam 2026 - Free USMLE Step 1 Practice Questions and Study Guide

Meigs Syndrome is characteristically associated with an ovarian tumor, most notably an ovarian fibroma. This syndrome is defined by the triad of an ovarian mass (usually a benign tumor), ascites, and a pleural effusion, typically on the right side. The presence of an ovarian fibroma is significant because it prompts the associated fluid accumulation, which distinguishes Meigs Syndrome from other conditions.

While endometriosis, polycystic ovarian syndrome, and ovarian cysts may present with various symptoms and complications, they do not typically lead to the classic presentation seen in Meigs Syndrome. Endometriosis, for instance, involves ectopic endometrial tissue but is not associated with the same fluid dynamics. Polycystic ovarian syndrome usually does not create the same acute presentation or the characteristic pleural effusion. Ovarian cysts can lead to abdominal discomfort or complications like rupture but are also not commonly linked to the specific triad seen in Meigs Syndrome.

Thus, the association of an ovarian fibroma with Meigs Syndrome highlights its role as a benign ovarian tumor that can lead to significant complications like ascites and pleural effusion.